Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBrM) remains one of the most lethal manifestations of breast cancer. Its response to immunotherapy is severely limited by the blood-brain barrier, which restricts immune cell infiltration and antigen presentation, the…
The discovery of cancer’s hidden antigen landscape—comprising non-canonical ‘dark matter’ antigens—has unveiled a vast, untapped reservoir of immune targets for next-generation cancer immunotherapy. While most cancer vacc…
Background
We investigated the hypothesis that transforming growth factor β induced (TGFBI), an extracellular matrix protein secreted in the microenvironment of several tumors, can act as a secreted immune checkpoint (sIC) that contributes to the…
Over the past few years, outcomes and findings from several phase 1 clinical trials evaluating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies for glioblastoma (GBM) have been reported. For CAR-T cell therapy to succeed in GBM, several challenges mus…
Background
Insufficient T-cell infiltration limits the effectiveness of immunotherapy in sarcoma, yet the tumor-intrinsic mechanisms that govern immune exclusion remain poorly defined.
Methods
By integrating patient-derived ex vivo sarcoma spheroids …
Background
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) from gastric cancer (GC) is associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. We investigated a novel peritoneal-targeted therapy using CF33-human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS), a chimeric orthopoxvir…
Background
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used medications in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We comprehensively evaluated the effect of NSAID exposure patterns on immunotherapy outcomes, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and …
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) shows promising clinical benefits in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relatively low respons…
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes for several malignancies; however, there remains a lack of accurate, non-invasive methods to assess tumor PD-L1 expression levels and guide immunotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the …
Tumor mutational burden (TMB) and PD-L1 are established biomarkers for guiding immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As ICI use expands into early-stage disease, we explored the feasibility of using …
