Randomized clinical efficacy and safety study of peltopepimut-S plus cemiplimab compared to cemiplimab alone in patients with recurrent/metastatic HPV16-positive head and neck cancer

Background
Peltopepimut-S is a therapeutic vaccine, which induces specific expansion of both CD4+helper and CD8+cytotoxic T-cells against human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6/E7 oncoproteins.

Patients and methods
In a randomized phase 2 trial, we …

CD33KO-CD33-mesothelin Loop CAR design avoids fratricide and improves efficacy of iNK cells against acute myeloid leukemia

Background
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are often older, which brings challenges of endurance and persistent efficacy of autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies. Allogenic CAR-natural killer (NK) cell therapies may of…

High transposable element expression in sarcomas is associated with increased immune infiltrates and improved outcomes including after immunotherapy

Background
Response to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in sarcomas is overall low and heterogeneous. Understanding determinants of ICI outcomes may improve efficacy and patient selection. Thus, we investigated whether the expression of transposable…

The spontaneous neoantigen-specific CD4+ T-cell response to a growing tumor is functionally and phenotypically diverse

Background
CD4+ T cells play a critical role in the positive and negative regulation of cellular immunity through the many functional subsets they comprise. The progressive growth of immunogenic tumors which nonetheless generate mutation-specific T ce…

Preclinical evaluation of antitumor activity and toxicity of TROP2-specific CAR-T cells for treatment of triple-negative breast cancer

Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a subtype of breast cancer with poorest prognosis due to limited effective targeted therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in treating hemato…

m6A-driven transcriptomic rewiring in tumor immune surveillance

RNA molecules are subject to extensive post-transcriptional modifications that fine-tune their stability, localization, and function. Among the more than 100 known RNA modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal mark on eukar…

Regulatory polymorphisms of MSH6, MSH2, FBXO11, and PPP1R21 genes affect survival of patients with immunotherapy-treated lung cancer

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) improved survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet many patients do not respond to treatment. The identification of markers for ICI response remains an unmet clinical need. This stu…

Nanofilament immunotherapy induces potent antitumor vaccine responses

Background
Checkpoint inhibitors revolutionized cancer treatment by potentiating antitumor immune responses. However, many patients do not respond to these therapies, often due to the lack of a pre-existing immune response against cancer cells. Develo…

HPV-positive HNSCC and Fc-silent PD-1 blockade: a clinical discrepancy that raises next immunological questions

The recent phase 3 trial of the Fc-silent anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody finotonlimab demonstrated promising clinical activity in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, an unexpected finding …

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