Elastase and myeloperoxidase participate in neutrophil extracellular trap release stimulated by SARS-CoV-2

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkaf313. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf313. ABSTRACT COVID-19 is a disease triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and some individuals develop a severe form that can progress to multiple organ failure. Neutrophils have been described as responsible for the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The role of the elastase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in NET release by … Read more

IL-17-driven transcriptional programs in muscle fibroblasts are not required for pathogenesis in murine anti-histidyl-tRNA synthetase (Jo-1) myositis

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag225. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag225. ABSTRACT Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is a systemic autoimmune disease targeting muscle and extramuscular organs, but the molecular mechanisms driving IIM pathogenesis remain largely undefined. Muscle fibroblasts are central to orchestrating inflammation in myositis. Here, we investigated muscle fibroblast dynamics using a single-cell RNA sequencing approach in an … Read more

Meditope-Enabled Chimeric Antigen Receptors Facilitate Plug-and-Play Control of T Cells

Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 4. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1285. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have transformed cancer treatment, yet challenges for achieving broader clinical success remain, including overcoming tumor antigen heterogeneity and limited T-cell fitness. To address these challenges and enhance CAR T-cell functionality, we leveraged meditope technology, a lock-and-key … Read more

Peptide exchange-competent class I MHC molecules produced in eukaryotic cells for rapid production of MHC multimers

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag210. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag210. ABSTRACT Class I MHC peptide (MHC-Ip) multimers are well-established reagents that detect antigen-specific T cells. The classical method for production of MHC-Ip multimers begins with the expression of MHC heavy chains (HCs) and β2-microglobulin (β2m) subunits as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli and is followed by denaturant solubilization, … Read more

CD151 identifies a cytotoxic CD4 T cell population enriched in people with HIV that later develop cancer

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag208. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag208. ABSTRACT People with HIV (PWH) exhibit persistent immune activation despite effective antiretroviral therapy, contributing to risk of non-AIDS-associated comorbidities such as cancer. Cell populations reflecting immune remodeling trajectories preceding malignancy are poorly characterized. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an adult cohort (25-65 yr), we quantified the tetraspanin … Read more

Beyond randomized clinical trials in pediatric rheumatology: exploring the potential of target trial emulation

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Aug 3;102:102832. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102832. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Real-world data (RWD) from nonrandomized clinical settings, such as registries and observational cohorts, can be used to address research questions for which randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are not feasible or appropriate. However, these data are susceptible to important sources of bias, including … Read more

New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) Complement but Cannot Replace Animal Models in Critical Care Medicine Research​Marlene E Starr on 3 de August de 2026 at 10:00

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Aug 4:qiag108. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag108. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Critical care research focuses on life-threatening conditions such as sepsis, trauma, hemorrhage, and burn injury, which account for millions of hospitalizations and hundreds of thousands of deaths annually in the United States alone. Recent policy initiatives by the U.S. Food and Drug … Read more

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Immunotherapy​Rachel D Loo on 3 de August de 2026 at 10:00

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Aug 3:qiag106. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag106. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Emerging evidence has highlighted the influence of cellular metabolism on both cancer and T cell growth and survival, including in the context of adoptive cell immunotherapy. It is known that T cells heavily rely on glycolysis for cell proliferation and mediating effector … Read more

Dysfunctional neutrophil response in COVID-19 infection varies by subtype​Onn Shaun Thein on 3 de August de 2026 at 10:00

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Aug 3:qiag107. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag107. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The SARS-CoV-2 virus significantly evolved with several new strains identified. Transmissibility has increased with each strain, corresponding with a decrease in mortality. We previously demonstrated novel dysfunctional neutrophil responses in alpha COVID-19 patients compared to community acquired pneumonia controls. We investigated if … Read more

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