X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) caused by loss-of-function variants in the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene, classically presenting in early childhood with recurrent bacterial infections. Here, we report an atypi…
We report the case of a 25-year-old pregnant woman who was diagnosed with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive (AQP4+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) at 19 weeks of gestation. During the acute stage of the disease, she was treated with high-do…
BackgroundNew pulmonary lesions arising during chemoimmunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pose a common diagnostic dilemma because they may reflect tumor progression, infection, treatment-related inflammation, or other benign processes. …
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hematologic syndrome characterized by massive, uncontrolled cytokine release, which can lead to multiple organ failure and is associated with a high mortality rate. Recent studies have found that check…
BackgroundAnti-contactin-1 (CNTN1) antibody–positive autoimmune nodopathy (AN) is frequently reported in association with membranous nephropathy; however, the co-occurrence with both Sjögren’s disease and nephrotic syndrome represents an exceptionally …
Tumor clonal evolution and spatiotemporal heterogeneity are key drivers of therapeutic resistance in melanoma, often driven by selection pressures generated by systemic therapy. Genetic testing plays a key role in guiding targeted therapies, but a sing…
Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is a cicatricial alopecia characterized by follicular occlusion that progresses to abscess formation and rupture, driven by an intense inflammatory cascade. Part of the follicular occlusion tetrad, DCS typically…
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy typically characterized by a monophasic course; however, atypical or relapsing presentations suggest that sustained immune dysregulation contribute to disease heterogeneity…
ObjectivesAnti–leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody–associated autoimmune encephalitis is a treatable disorder characterized by subacute cognitive impairment. Efgartigimod is a neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) antagonist that reduces circulatin…
Most patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) can achieve long-term survival with frontline combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but approximately 10%-30% of patients will develop relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease. High-dose chemothera…
