ObjectivesPlatelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) is a common and clinically challenging condition with complex underlying mechanisms. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alloimmunization is the principal cause of immune PTR (iPTR), whereas non-HLA antibod…
BackgroundIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Disulfidptosis, a novel cell death pathway driven by disulfide bond accumulation, has emerged as a potential mechanism in can…
Although immunocheckpoint blocking therapy has been successful in a variety of cancers, its long-term response is still rare. The difference between initial clinical benefits and persistent disease control reflects the complexity of intratumor immunomo…
BackgroundChronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a heterogeneous immune-mediated disorder characterized by recurrent wheals and/or angioedema. Despite advances in understanding its pathogenesis, robust biomarkers for disease stratification remain lacki…
Immunomodulatory therapy in sepsis has long failed to deliver consistent clinical benefit, in part because the heterogeneity of host responses and the dynamic nature of disease trajectories have been underestimated. Rather than equating the timing of i…
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic synovial inflammation accompanied by pathological angiogenesis, which contributes to pannus formation and disease progression. However, the upstream mechanisms regulating pathological angiogenesis i…
BackgroundOsteoporosis is classically defined by reduced bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, but osteoimmune dysregulation within the bone marrow microenvironment is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to bone loss. The RANK…
BackgroundAdenoid hypertrophy (AH) frequently coexists with allergic rhinitis (AR) in children, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain unclear. Using nasopharyngeal swab-based transcriptomics—enabling inclusion of healthy pedia…
Anti–John Cunningham virus (JCV) serological testing constitutes a cornerstone of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) risk assessment in patients receiving natalizumab for multiple sclerosis (MS). Existing PML risk stratification algorithm…
