B lymphocytes exhibit a multifaceted and context-dependent role in tumor biology, acting as both promoters and suppressors of malignancy through dynamic interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review synthesizes current evidence on t…
Organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage organ failure, but rejection remains a major obstacle to transplant success. Neutrophils play a key role in organ transplant rejection, participating not only in early immune responses but a…
BackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is clinically heterogeneous. Disease-specific autoantibodies—anticentromere (ACA), anti–topoisomerase I (ATA/Scl-70), and anti–RNA polymerase III (RNAP III)—are central to classification and organ-risk prediction. Bey…
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the dysregulation of the body’s response to infection. It is characterized by a high incidence, high mortality rate, and high medical burden, and is a major global health threat. Although updated…
BackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is clinically heterogeneous. Disease-specific autoantibodies—anticentromere (ACA), anti–topoisomerase I (ATA/Scl-70), and anti–RNA polymerase III (RNAP III)—are central to classification and organ-risk prediction. Bey…
Lung transplant recipients face significantly poorer outcomes compared to other solid organ transplants, with median survival rates substantially lower despite current immunosuppressive regimens. Regulatory T cell (Treg) therapy has emerged as a promis…
CD8+ T cells play a pivotal role in antiviral and antitumor immunity, yet under chronic antigen stimulation, they progressively enter a functionally impaired “exhausted” state, characterized by loss of effector functions, sustained high expression of i…
Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and unfortunately, the prognosis for this stubborn tumor type has remained bleak for an extended period. Current treatment options are limited and often ineffective, highlighting the nee…
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains a lethal epithelial malignancy. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have entered management for recurrent/metastatic disease; yet durable benefit is confined to a subset, reflecting TGF-β–conditioned stromal barriers an…
Age-related accumulation of somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), causing clonal hematopoiesis (CH), often precedes the development of hematologic malignancies. Chronic inflammation and aberrant cytokine expression that …
