Mapping the TCR landscape: computational tools empowering translational immunology and therapy design

T cell receptors (TCRs) are central to adaptive immunity, yet their vast sequence and structural diversity present a significant challenge to fully understand immune responses. The application of high-throughput sequencing technologies, including bulk…

Melanoma cell states shape spatial tumor-immune ecosystems to dictate the efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy

Background
Melanoma shows one of the highest response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), yet nearly half of patients experience primary or acquired resistance. While immune contexture strongly influences therapeutic efficacy, tumor cell-int…

Integrin CD11b/CD18 reprograms macrophage polarization by suppressing ERK/STAT3 signaling to enhance antitumor immunity in colitis-associated colorectal cancer

Background
Chronic inflammation is a well-established driver of colorectal cancer (CRC), with the resulting inflammatory microenvironment facilitating tumor initiation and progression. The integrin CD11b/CD18, a leukocyte-specific heterodimeric adhesi…

Extracorporeal photopheresis versus systemic immunosuppression for treatment of immune-related adverse events: clinical outcomes from the prospective two-arm PRIA study

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced immune-related adverse events (irAEs) can be steroid-refractory (sr) or steroid-dependent (sd), requiring second-line therapy. Evidence guiding optimal management of sr/sd-irAEs while preserving antitumor…

Blinatumomab bypasses CD28 blockade to sustain T-cell cytotoxicity and improve survival in a xenograft B-ALL model

Background
Relapse and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) remain primary causes of treatment failure in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). While abatacept (ABATA…

Tumor-derived HMGB2 induces M2-like macrophage polarization via TRIM65-mediated NLRP3 degradation to promote DLBCL progression

Background
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Although standard immunochemotherapy is available, 30%–40% of patients develop refractory or relapsed disease, underscoring the need to …

First-in-human, phase 1, open-label study of alomfilimab, an anti-ICOS antibody, as a single agent and in combination with anti-PD-L1 in advanced malignancies

Background
Immunosuppression mechanisms mediated by regulatory T cells (Tregs) can lead to poor clinical outcomes in patients undergoing immune-based therapies. Activation markers, such as inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS), are highly expressed on…

Targeting ATF4 overcomes dual resistance to chemo-immunotherapy in gastric cancer by disrupting the DNA damage response

Background
The efficacy of chemo-immunotherapy in gastric cancer (GC) is limited by heterogeneous resistance and the lack of predictive biomarkers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying concurrent intrinsic chemoresistance and extrinsic immunos…

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