Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum ZG-7 on the intestinal barrier and intestinal flora of Muscovy ducks infected with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli
IntroductionAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) poses a serious challenge to global poultry production, where it causes enteritis, septicemia, and high mortality, resulting in substantial economic losses. Although antibiotics have been traditional…