Glutamine metabolism provides energy and raw materials for tumor survival and proliferation. In addition to affecting cancer cells, many studies have investigated the role of glutamine metabolism on the tumor microenvironment in depth. The macrophages,…
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a pivotal regulatory role in prostate cancer progression, contributing to therapy resistance and reshaping of the tumor microenvironment. This review outlines the clinical relevance of IL-6 as a potential prognostic biomarker…
Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is frequently associated with fatigue and cognitive dysfunction, while underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We report a 44-year-old male with persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection, including severe cognitive a…
BackgroundPeriodontitis is clinically associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet the shared cellular and molecular programs underpinning this oral–gut inflammatory link remain incompletely defined.MethodsWe integrated bulk gingival transcrip…
IntroductionThe management and prevention of hypertrophic scars present significant challenges in clinical medicine. The development of hypertrophic scars primarily results from angiogenesis, localized inflammatory responses, and the excessive depositi…
BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune arthritis that predominantly affects adults, whereas juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) comprises a heterogeneous group of childhood−onset arthritides defined by age at onset, clinical phenot…
Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder first described by brothers Howard and Hugh Hailey in 1939. This article reports a case of refractory Hailey-Hailey disease, which was treated with upadacitinib with rem…
Lynch syndrome (LS), also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, is a genetic condition that increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) and other cancers due to defective DNA mismatch repair (dMMR). This article reports a cas…
BackgroundTissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) plays diverse roles in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, immune regulation, and tumor progression. However, its systemic patterns across cancers and cardiovascular disease remain incomplete…
