Anticancer therapy can eliminate immune-visible tumour cells while simultaneously imposing selective pressures that favour residual immune-evasive populations. This mini-review conceptualizes therapy-induced immunoediting as a dynamic continuum compris…
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in a chronically injured liver where metabolic adaptation, oxidative stress, innate immune signalling, and immune tolerance are already intertwined. Mitochondria connect these processes: they sustain tumour-cell …
Thyroid cancer (TC) and colorectal cancer are common malignancies of the endocrine and gastrointestinal systems, respectively, and continue to impose a substantial global disease burden. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a central role in …
BackgroundSepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a syndrome of cerebral dysfunction secondary to sepsis. Although the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) plays a pivotal role in the SAE, the specific mechanisms by which it mediates neuroin…
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed the treatment of several hematological malignancies, but its broader application remains constrained by the complexity, cost, and time required for conventional ex vivo manufacturing. In vi…
BackgroundThe onset and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are linked to autoantibody production driven by dysregulated germinal center (GC) responses. Follicular helper T cells (Tfh), follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr), and follicular cytotoxic…
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are clonal myeloid neoplasms that cause cytopenias and can progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Hypomethylating agents (HMA) are the mainstay of treatment for higher risk disease, but they achieve responses in only h…
BackgroundTransient low-dose methotrexate (MTX) induces long-term immune tolerance to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in Pompe disease; however, the underlying immunological mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that TLD-MTX would reduce immune a…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), yet durable benefit remains limited, and the immune consequences of SCLC transformation from EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain incompletely understood. Co…
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by immune-mediated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production. While pediatric ITP is often self-limited or responsive to first-line therapies, such as corticoste…
