Microglia have a central role in the immunopathogenesis of neurobrucellosis where its activation is a hallmark in this disease. In this study, we present in vitro evidence that type I interferons (IFN) are involved in the activation of microglia during…
BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory condition with rising global incidence. This study examines the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, …
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays important roles in inflammation. Several studies have shown that IL-6 regulates various aspects of T cell function, including the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into the pro-inflammatory Th…
IntroductionSaliva biomarkers provide a convenient and noninvasive method for diagnosing immune and genetic disorders. One such biomarker is adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2), an enzyme that converts adenosine into inosine and is elevated in cancer and immu…
BackgroundAcute cerebellar ataxia (ACA) is the most common cause of acute ataxia in children and adolescents. It is a cerebellar disorder with multifactorial pathogenesis, often triggered by viral or bacterial infections, as well as autoimmune mechanis…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death protein 1 ligand, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, are important therapeutic approaches for malignancies. However, these novel t…
BackgroundWhile e-cigarette use (vaping) has increased in the last decade, its effects on airway inflammation and extracellular vesicle (EV) biology remain unclear. This study examined how long-term and acute vapor exposures influence lung immune respo…
BackgroundStevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are potentially fatal cutaneous adverse events of drug treatment. Evidence for SJS/TEN risk from current anticancer therapies in population-based studies is scarce.ObjectiveT…
IntroductionSepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a highly lethal condition with a rapid onset, and effective treatments are lacking because the molecular pathogenesis remains unclear. Tubular epithelial cells (TECs) have increasingly been …
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a biologically aggressive and heterogeneous group of cancers with limited treatment options for patients who do not respond to standard therapies. While HPV-related HNSCCs tend to show better therapeutic…
